THE ANATOMY OF COFFEE CULTIVATION ON THE PLANTATION – Harvesting Handpicking Strip-picking – Separating the Beans from the Fruit Pulp Wet Processing Dry Processing – The Main Coffee-Producing Countries – Coffee's Contribution to the Ecosystem The island of Java accounts for 12% of Indonesia's coffee production. A plague of leaf rust (hemileia vastatrix) in the 19th century left only the arabica stands at higher elevations unscathed. Known as "Old Java", this arabica variety is described as smooth, rich, with an aromatic, smoky character. The coffee trees lost to the blight were replaced with "Estate Java", which is more acidic and lighter-bodied than the "Old Java". In the 17-18th centuries, Western powers began to cultivate coffee in their colonies in Africa, South America and Asia. After independence, these former colonies continued to produce coffee and today export green coffee beans all over the world. Ethiopia (Africa) Kenya (Africa) Costa Rica (Central America) Guatemala (Central America) Jamaica (Caribbean) Brazil (South America) Colombia (South America) Hawaii (South Pacific) Sumatra-Indonesia (Southeast Asia) Java-Indonesia (Southeast Asia)
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